George Fritsma

MS, MLS, Lab Scientist, Educator, Author

George Fritsma is a medical laboratory scientist, educator, and author. George contributed five chapters to Keohane EM, Butina MM, Mirza KM, Walenga JM: Rodak’s Hematology; Clinical Principles and Applications, Seventh Edition, 2025, Elsevier; and is the co-author of Bennett A, Fritsma GA, Ernst DJ: Quick Guide to Blood Collection Edition 2, 2016, Marques MB, Fritsma GA: Quick Guide to Coagulation Testing Edition 3, 2015, and Reddy V, Marques MB, Fritsma GA: Quick Guide to Hematology Testing Edition 2, 2013, along with three additional titles, all published by AACC Press. He is a consultant in the Laboratory Medicine Department of Pathology at the University of Alabama at Birmingham. George is a member of the International Society on Thrombosis and Hemostasis, the International Society for Laboratory Hematology, and the American Society for Clinical Laboratory Science.

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June 2026 QQ: VWF Gain of Function

In keeping with our “100 Years of VWD” theme, our June 2026 Quick Question, which appears in the right-hand column, asks, “What VWD subtype is caused by a VWF gain of function?” Gain of function refers to VWF with enhanced binding avidity to the platelet GP1b binding site. For assistance, navigate to our Informative Module, […]

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Quick Question Archive

Factor XIII and Clot Stability

Click here for an open-access illustrated discussion via Hemostasis Today by Abdul Mannan of the multiple roles of FXIII and the adverse effects of FXIII deficiency related to wound healing and clot integrity.

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Fibrinolysis

June 2026 Cheat Sheet

Click here for your June 2026 Fritsma Factor Cheat Sheet. If you would like a “push” copy of this Cheat Sheet, complete with links to our numerous May posts, please complete the application form on the right. The Cheat Sheet is published on the first of each month and is a gratis premium of Precision BioLogic […]

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Cheat Sheets

May 2026 QQ: "Proconvertin" Response

Our May 2026 Quick Question was a quiz and a “walk down memory lane.” Our 28 responders to the lead, “What factor was once named Proconvertin or SPCA?” responded as follows: IV: 2 (7%) V: 4 (14%) VI: 1 (4%) VII: 18 (64%) IX: 3 (11%) We’ve largely abandoned our proper noun terminology except for […]

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Quick Question Archive

"Covid Coag"

On May 26, I (Geo) posted a link to our informational module, The Cell-based Coagulation Model. On May 15, I posted a link to our Coagulation Overview Module. The third in a series of “Mechanism” modules, and perhaps the most complex, is entitled Covid Coag. Though thanks to vaccination technology, we think less today about […]

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Bleeding Disorders

A Treasure Trove of VWD Articles

The May 2026 issue of Seminars in Thrombosis and Hemostasis provides a “mother lode” of open-access VWD articles in observance of Dr. Erik von Willebrand‘s 1926 article, Hereditar Pseudohaemophili, now 100 YOA. Check with your medical library for Nilsson IM. Commentary to Erik von Willebrand’s original paper in Haemophilia. 1999;5:220-1. doi: 10.1046/j.1365-2516.1999.0320a.x. PMID: 10444292 (no […]

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Bleeding Disorders

Aspirin v. Clopidogrel in Dual Antiplatelet Therapy

Obtain this article from your medical library: Rubboli A, Pompei G, De Rosa S, et al. Clopidogrel vs. aspirin in addition to oral anticoagulation as part of double antithrombotic therapy following PCI: a post-hoc analysis of the PERSEO registry. J Thromb Thrombolysis. 2026 Apr 20. doi: 10.1007/s11239-026-03286-4. PMID: 42008084. Abstract In patients on oral anticoagulation […]

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Antiplatelet Therapy

A 2026 Review of D-dimer Reporting Variations in VTE

Here is an open-access 2026 review that illustrates the reporting variations and application of the D-dimer assay in VTE. Hofstetter RV, Marx CE, Kraaijpoel N, Favaloro EJ, et al. Reporting of D-dimer testing in venous thromboembolism diagnostic management studies: a scoping review. J Thromb Haemost. 2026:S1538-7836(26)00190-X. doi: 10.1016/j.jtha.2026.03.005. PMID: 41839295. Abstract Background: D-dimer testing is […]

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Thrombophilia

Cell-based Coagulation Model

Our Coagulation Overview Module, linked on May 15, 2026, may be more accurately called the Plasma-based Coagulation Overview Module. The plasma-based coagulation “cascade” model, described in Davie EW, Fujikawa K, Kisiel W. The coagulation cascade: initiation, maintenance, and regulation. Biochemistry. 1991;30:10363–70. doi: 10.1021/bi00107a001. PMID: 1931959, is the basis for clot-based tests, the PT, PTT, TT, […]

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Coagulation Factors

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